Authors: Kirsten van der Zee et al. Abstract Background: We estimate the size of the illicit cigarette market in low socioeconomic areas in South Africa before and after a tax increase. In 2018, the real excise [...]
Authors: Jawad Al-Lawati and Judith Mackay The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) was developed in response to the globalization of the tobacco epidemic, and contains measures to reduce the demand for tobacco as [...]
The country profiles were generated from data collected for the WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2019. The country profiles provide information about tobacco prevalence, preventive measures, cessation and tobacco economics. Read more: World Health Organization [...]
This is a complaint about the European Commission’s failure to properly implement the World Health Organisation’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) Article 5.3 and the accompanying guidelines. Article 5.3 states that decision-makers should [...]
Authors: John Knight and Simon Chapman Abstract Objective: To examine the tobacco industry’s efforts to influence public policy and block the legislative process on tobacco control in Hong Kong, 1973 to 1997. Method: Systematic review of relevant tobacco industry [...]
Authors: Victor Hugo Herrera et al. Abstract Introduction: We assess the tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) ban enforcement in sales points in Panama in 2017. Methods: A nationwide observational survey to assess TAPS ban enforcement [...]
Authors: Mary Assunta and Simon Chapman Abstract Objective: To review tobacco company strategies of using youth smoking prevention programmes to counteract the Malaysian government’s tobacco control legislation and efforts in conducting research on youth to market to them. Methods: Systematic [...]
Authors: Bonnie Halpern-Felsher Abstract Understanding how PMI markets IQOS at the point-of-sale in Israel is critical to determining whether marketing practices adhere to regulations and appeal to groups most at risk at initiating new tobacco products, [...]
Authors: Selda Ulucanlar et al. Abstract Background: Standardised packaging (SP) of tobacco products is an innovative tobacco control measure opposed by transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) whose responses to the UK government’s public consultation on SP argued [...]
Authors: Ross MacKenzie et al. Abstract Tobacco industry public relations campaigns have played a key role in challenges to standardised cigarette packaging. This paper presents a comparative analysis of industry campaigns in Australia and the United [...]
Authors: Anhari Achadi, Widyastuti Soerojo, and Sarah Barber Abstract Using published data about consumption, economic aspects, and legislation, this paper analyzes tobacco control in Indonesia, a major consumer and producer of tobacco products. Given its [...]
Authors: Yael Bar-Zeev et al. Abstract Background: Philip Morris International’s IQOS (“I Quit Ordinary Smoking”) device has increasingly penetrated the global tobacco market. In Israel, among the first countries with IQOS in its market, the [...]
Author: Robert Schwartz Abstract The tobacco industry instigated illicit tobacco trade in Canada in the 1990s in response to tobacco tax increases at both the federal and provincial levels. To illegally avoid these taxes, tobacco companies [...]
Authors: Kevin Davis et al. Abstract The national truth® campaign has exposed U.S. youth to antismoking messages since 2000. Tobacco industry-sponsored campaigns, such as “Think. Don’t Smoke” (TDS), have also aired nationally. We examine the effects [...]
Authors: Steve Craig Abstract Women began smoking in the United States during the 1920’s, when the cigarette was adopted by factory workers and college women as a symbol of rebellion, independence, and equality. Tobacco companies exploited [...]
Authors: Patricia McDaniel, E. Anne Lown, and Ruth E. Malone Abstract Media coverage of tobacco industry corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives represents a competitive field where tobacco control advocates and the tobacco industry vie to [...]
Authors: Andy Rowell, Karen Evans-Reeves, and Anna Gilmore Abstract Background: In the UK, transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) have been arguing that levels of illicit trade are high and increasing and will rise further if standardised packaging is implemented. This [...]
Authors: Ross Hammond and Celia White Abstract The WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean has been working for years with national, regional and international partners to address tobacco health hazards and to support all national tobacco control [...]
Authors: Rima Nakkash and Kelly Lee Abstract Aims: This article outlines how the tobacco industry has undermined tobacco control efforts in Lebanon since the early 1970s. Methods: An analysis of online and on-site tobacco industry documents, reviews of newspapers, [...]
Authors: Ernesto Serbrié and Stanton Glantz Abstract We sought to understand how the tobacco industry uses “youth smoking prevention” programs in Latin America. We analyzed tobacco industry documents, so-called “social reports,” media reports, and material provided by Latin [...]
Authors: Simon Chapman and Stacy Carter Abstract Objective: To review critically the history of Australian tobacco industry efforts to avoid, delay, and dilute pack warnings on cigarettes. Design: Systematic keyword and opportunistic website searches of tobacco industry [...]
Author: Corné van Walbeek Abstract The cigarette manufacturing market in South Africa is highly concentrated, with one company controlling more than 90 per cent of the market. In this paper the retail price of cigarettes [...]
Authors: Karen Smith et al. Abstract Objective: To systematically review the available evidence on the impact of organizational partnerships on public health outcomes (health improvement and/or a reduction in health inequalities) in England between 1997 and [...]
Authors: Katherine Smith et al. Abstract Background: Impact assessment (IA) of all major European Union (EU) policies is now mandatory. The form of IA used has been criticised for favouring corporate interests by overemphasising economic [...]
Authors: Annaebel Raebeck, Richard Campbell, and Edith Balbach Abstract The tobacco industry in the 1980s began to form relationships with outside groups for assistance on key policy issues due to its own poor credibility in the [...]
Authors: Belinda O’Sullivan and Simon Chapman Abstract Internal tobacco industry documents relevant to China as published on www.tobaccoarchives.com located between 31 May and 1 August 1999 were searched. Documents describing the ambitions and conduct of transnational tobacco [...]
Authors: Crawford Moodie and Gerard Hastings Abstract The Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Act (TAPA), introduced between 2003 and 2005 in the UK, prohibits all tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Packaging, however, is not covered in the Act. Two [...]
Authors: Charles Levenstein et al. Abstract In 1984 the Tobacco Institute and the Bakery, Confectionary and Tobacco Workers Union formed a Labor Management Committee. From the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, this LMC worked to elicit [...]
Authors: Max H Kelton Jr and Michael S Givel Abstract From 1980 to 1994, the Canadian government enacted major tax increases on tobacco products. These actions initiated significant tobacco smuggling from the United States into [...]
Authors: Micheal Givel and Stanton Glantz Abstract Background: Throughout the 1990s the tobacco lobby was a potent political force in US state legislatures advancing its pro-tobacco agenda. Objective: To describe the market and political motivations of the tobacco lobby and [...]
Authors: Michael Begay, Michael Traynor and Stanton Glantz Abstract Objectives: Proposition 99 added 25 cents to the California state cigarette tax and mandated that 20% of the new revenues be spent on tobacco education and prevention programs. This paper [...]
Authors: Joaquín Barnoya and Stanton Glantz Abstract Objective: To examine the tobacco industry’s strategy to avoid regulations on secondhand smoke exposure in Latin America. Methods: Systematic search of tobacco industry documents available through the internet. All available [...]
Authors: Dharma N Bhatta et al. Abstract Introduction: Nepal passed a comprehensive tobacco control law in 2011. Tobacco control advocates successfully countered tobacco industry (TI) interference to force implementation of law. Aims and Methods: Policy [...]
Read more: Ministry of Health Singapore [...]
Authors: J Robert Branston and Anna B Gilmore Abstract Background: A key driver of the global tobacco epidemic is the massive profit earned from manufacturing tobacco products despite high levels of product taxation. Two of the [...]
Read more: New Zealand Ministry of Health [...]
Author: Sadykova Jamilya Read more: National Coalition “For Kazakhstan Smoke Free” [...]
Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health letter to the Ministry of Education Read more: Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health [...]
Author: Lise Alves Brazil’s Attorney General’s Office (AGU) wants some of the country’s largest cigarette manufacturers to repay [...]
Author: Lorraine Craig et al. Abstract Background: The WHO Framework Convention on [...]
Authors: Dr. Gera Nagelhout and Dr. Barbara van Straaten Background The Dutch government has published a ‘National Prevention Agreement’ on November 23rd 2018, announcing several tobacco control measures. IVO Research Institute performed a survey among [...]
Introduction Selling cigarettes and other tobacco products is the purpose of tobacco companies and, like any company, its biggest goal is to increase profits and expand its market share. However, in the twentieth century alone, [...]
Author: Hanbing Guo Abstract China’s Tobacco Monopoly Law grants the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (STMA)/China National Tobacco Corporation (CNTC) power to devise and enact any and all regulations related to tobacco products. Rather than strengthening regulations [...]
Presenter: Syed Mahbubul Read more: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease [...]
Presenter: Made Kerta Duana Read more: Center of Excellence For Tobacco Control And Lung Disease [...]
Presenter: Hasan Shahriar Read more: PROGGA, Knowledge for Progress [...]
Read more: Medical University of Gdańsk [...]
Ireland Policy on Article 5.3 Read more: Ireland Republic of Health [...]
Authors: Catherine Egbe et al. Abstract Background: Nigeria plays important economic and political roles in Africa and is a significant market for the tobacco industry. This study describes the tobacco industry’s efforts to block Nigeria’s [...]
Authors: Gary Jonas Fooks, Silvy Peeters and Karen Evans-Reeves In the course of the last decade, the tobacco industry has attempted to increase the political salience of the illicit trade in tobacco products (illicit trade) (box [...]
Vietnam’s memo calling on the cabinet, local government, and mass organizations to coordinate the implementation of the WHO recommendation and to inform governments and health communities not to cooperate with FSFW. Read more: Ministry of [...]
The Indonesian Consumers Foundation (YLKI) has criticized the government for “wasting the state budget” on challenging Australia’s plain tobacco packaging law in a recent trade dispute at the World Trade Organization (WTO). Read more: The Jakarta [...]
Read more: The French Republic Ministry of Social Affairs and Health [...]
Read more: Civil Service Commission & Department of Health, Philippines [...]
Introduction The tobacco industry’s practice of blocking or delaying measures to protect health is a problem in Canada as it is world-wide. This interference is a problem that has for decades hindered efforts by Canadian [...]
Authors: Jessamina Lih Yan Lie et al. Abstract Introduction: The Dutch implementation of the black border provision in the 2001 European Union Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) is studied to examine the implications of tobacco industry involvement [...]
Authors: Łukasz Balwicki et al. Abstract Background: Since 2006, when Poland ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), there have been efforts to improve tobacco control regulation in the country. At the same time, [...]
Authors: Petr Kupka and Kateřina Tvrdá Abstract One of the countries impacted to a lesser degree by the illegal trade in tobacco products is the Czech Republic. Recently the proportion of counterfeit or smuggled cigarettes [...]
Authors: Johanna Skinnari and Lars Korsell Abstract Research on the illicit tobacco market in Sweden is scarce. Actors in the licit tobacco market have made estimations of the size of its illicit counterpart and claim [...]
Authors: Karen Evans-Reeves et al. Abstract Background: Standardised tobacco packaging, which commenced in the UK in May, 2016, has been vehemently opposed by transnational tobacco companies. Previous research has concluded that companies invoke the existence [...]
Authors: Georgios A. Antonopoulos and Alexandra Hall Over the last two decades official and media discourses have paid increasing attention to the proceeds of ‘organized crime’. However, although there is a relatively sound understanding of [...]
Authors: Luk Joossens et al. Abstract To address the illicit cigarette trade, the European Union (EU) has signed agreements with the four major Transnational Tobacco Companies (TTCs) that involve establishing extensive systems of cooperation. All [...]
Ordinance No. 2016-623 of 19 May 2016 transposing Directive 2014/40 / EU on manufacturing, presentation and sale of tobacco products and related products Read more: French Ministry of Social Affairs and Health [...]
Author: Sidhartha Banerjee In a ruling described as “historic” by one anti-tobacco group, a Quebec judge has ordered three major cigarette companies to pay $15 billion to smokers in what is believed to be the [...]
Author: Sungkyu Lee Abstract The aims of this study are to identify what hinders implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Article 5.3 in Korea, and to [...]
Authors: Silvy Peeters et al. Abstract Background: The 2014 European Union (EU) Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) was negotiated in a changed policy context, following adoption of the EU’s ‘Smart Regulation’ agenda, which transnational tobacco companies [...]
Authors: Ali Ajmal and Veng Ian U Abstract Objectives: To estimate the size of illegal tobacco trade and consumption and assess the impact of tobacco tax on the illicit tobacco market in New Zealand (NZ). [...]
Authors: Corné van Walbeek and Lerato Shai Abstract Background: The tobacco industry claims that illicit cigarette trade in South Africa is high and rising. This is often used as an argument not to increase the [...]
Authors: Karen Evans-Reeves et al. Introduction: Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) submitted evidence to the 2012 UK Consultation on standardised packaging (SP) to argue the policy will have detrimental economic impacts and increase illicit tobacco trade. [...]
Read more: UPPC, Entebbe, by Order of the Government [...]
Clause 14 (2) of the Uganda Tobacco Control Bill (UTCB) calls for graphic health warnings covering at least 75% of “each principal display area of the unit packet” Read more: University of Bath – Tobacco [...]
Authors: Michal Stoklosa and Hana Ross Abstract Objective: To compare two different methods for estimating the size of the illicit cigarette market with each other and to contrast the estimates obtained by these two methods [...]
Authors: Amber Rowell et al. Abstract Background: In the UK, transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) have been arguing that levels of illicit trade are high and increasing and will rise further if standardised packaging is implemented. [...]
Authors: Ann McNeill et al. Abstract Background: Illicit tobacco (IT) undermines the effectiveness of tobacco control strategies. We assessed the implementation and impact of a new programme designed to reduce demand for, as well as [...]
Authors: Jenny Hatchard et al. Abstract Objectives: To examine the volume, relevance and quality of transnational tobacco corporations’ (TTCs) evidence that standardised packaging of tobacco products ‘won’t work’, following the UK government’s decision to ‘wait and [...]
Authors: Jamie Tam and Corné van Walbeek Abstract Background: Namibia is typical of low-income and middle-income countries with growing tobacco use, but with limited capacity to impose comprehensive tobacco control legislation. Despite initiating dialogue on [...]
Author: Selda Ulucanlar et al. Abstract Background: Standardised packaging (SP) of tobacco products is an innovative tobacco control measure opposed by transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) whose responses to the UK government’s public consultation on SP [...]
Authors: Valeria Skafida et al. Abstract Objectives: To examine how transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) tried to penetrate the Bulgarian cigarette market and influence tobacco excise tax policy after the fall of communism and during Bulgaria’s [...]
Land of opportunities: The illicit trade in cigarettes in the United States, p. 267 Authors: Klaus von Lampe, Marin Kurti and John Bae Introduction The illegal cigarette trade is a global phenomenon. The smuggling and [...]
Nova Scotia has officially become the last province in Canada to proclaim legislation giving it the legal green light to sue tobacco companies for unlawful activities alleged to increase smoking rates. Minister of Health and [...]
Read more: UK Department of Health and Foreign & Commonwealth Office [...]
Authors: Judith McCool et al. Abstract Tobacco use is the biggest single preventable cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the Western Pacific region. Currently, 14 Pacific Island countries have ratified the WHO Framework Convention on [...]
Author: Xavier Duncan L’Hoiry Abstract This paper presents the results of interactions/interviews with an active tobacco bootlegger regarding his illicit entrepreneurial activity spanning his illegal career. This narrative is intended to portray a snapshot of [...]
Author: Olsen, Céline E J L Brassart WHO selected tobacco industry interference as the theme of the 2012 World No Tobacco Day, recognizing the serious danger the tobacco industry poses to public health and the [...]
Authors: Risako Shiran et al. Abstract Background: The Czech Republic has one of the poorest tobacco control records in Europe. This paper examines transnational tobacco companies’ (TTCs’) efforts to influence policy there, paying particular attention to [...]
Executive Summary The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) in its preamble recognizes ‘…the need to be alert to any efforts of the tobacco industry to undermine or subvert tobacco control [...]
Authors: Eric Crosbie, Ernesto M Sebrié, and Stanton A Glantz Abstract Objective: To analyze how the tobacco industry influenced tobacco control policymaking in Costa Rica. Materials and methods: Review of tobacco industry documents, tobacco control legislation, newspaper articles, [...]
Author: John Colledge Abstract Objective: To provide a brief history of the illicit tobacco trade between Mexico and the United States. Materials and Methods: Research included a previously published study: “Cigarette taxes and smuggling: A statistical analysis [...]
Author: Mary Assunta Abstract Objective: To illustrate how the tobacco industry’ front group, the International Tobacco Growers Association (ITGA), mobilised tobacco farmers to influence the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties (COP4) negotiations and [...]
Authors: Naowarut Charoenca et al. Abstract Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) interfere regularly in policymaking in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control provides mechanisms and guidance for dealing with TTC [...]
Author: Deborah Sy The article ‘From cigarette smuggling to illicit tobacco trade’ exposes the modus operandi in illicit trade that highlights the need for global cooperation in eliminating the illicit trade of tobacco products (see page 230). [...]
Authors: Karen Evans-Reeves et al. Abstract Introduction: Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) submitted evidence to the 2012 UK Consultation on standardised packaging (SP) to argue the policy will have detrimental economic impacts and increase illicit tobacco [...]
Author: Pirudee Pavananunt Abstract The sale and consumption of illicit tobacco increases consumption, impacts public health, reduces tax revenue and provides an argument against tax increases. Thailand has some of the best tobacco control policies [...]
Authors: Martin Otañez et al. Abstract Transnational tobacco manufacturing and tobacco leaf companies engage in numerous efforts to oppose global tobacco control. One of their strategies is to stress the economic importance of tobacco to [...]
Authors: Thilo Grüning et al. Abstract Background: Germany has been identified as one of a few high-income countries that opposed a strong Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the WHO’s first global public health treaty. This [...]
Read more: Civil Service Commission and Department of Health, Philippines [...]
Authors: Katherine Smith Abstract Background: Impact assessment (IA) of all major European Union (EU) policies is now mandatory. The form of IA used has been criticised for favouring corporate interests by overemphasising economic impacts and [...]
Author: Evan Blecher Abstract This study estimates the size of the market for illicit cigarettes in South Africa between 1997 and 2007 in order to consider the impact of the illicit trade in cigarettes on [...]
Authors: Robert Schwartz and Teela Johnson Abstract Contraband tobacco has been and continues to be a global public health policy concern, with special manifestations in Canada. Over the past 20 years, in two noteworthy instances [...]
Authors: Sema Mandal et al. Abstract In 1996, discussion began in Brussels on the need for further tobacco control measures. Following extensive consultation, in November 1999 the European Commission proposed a new Tobacco Products Directive [...]
Authors: Rima Nakkash and Karen Lee Abstract Aims: This article outlines how the tobacco industry has undermined tobacco control efforts in Lebanon since the early 1970s. Methods: An analysis of online and on-site tobacco industry documents, reviews [...]
Authors: Ray Merrill et al. Abstract Background: Cigarette companies argue that tobacco control measures will harm the Russian economy. Research in other countries has refuted this claim. Objective: To identify how current and former smokers would (or [...]
Author: Mark Levin Abstract Confidential documents which became public through civil litigation discovery in the late 1990s reveal that, ten years after the Watergate and Lockheed scandals and just five years after the enactment of [...]
Authors: Richard Hurt et al. Abstract More than a decade has passed since the conclusion of the Minnesota tobacco trial and the signing of the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) by 46 US State Attorneys General [...]
How multinational tobacco companies colluded to use trade arguments they knew were phoney to oppose plain packaging. And how health ministers in Canada and Australia fell for their chicanery. Synopsis Plain packaging was thrust abruptly [...]
Authors: Rima Nakkash and Kwang Jae Lee Abstract Objectives: To understand the strategy of British American Tobacco (BAT) and other transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) to gain access to the Lebanese market, which has remained relatively [...]
Authors: Ernesto M Sebrié and Stanton A Glantz Abstract We sought to understand how the tobacco industry uses “youth smoking prevention” programs in Latin America. We analyzed tobacco industry documents, so-called “social reports,” media reports, and [...]
Authors: Anna Gilmore et al. Abstract Objectives: The International Monetary Fund encourages privatization of state-owned tobacco industries. Privatization tends to lower cigarette prices, which encourages consumption. This could be countered with effective tax policies. We [...]
Author: Rima Nakkash Read more: University of London [...]
Author: Anna B Gilmore Uzbekistan shows how countries that privatise state owned tobacco industry can be manipulated by global companies In 1994 Uzbekistan’s tobacco industry was privatised in a closed deal enabling British American Tobacco [...]
Authors: Ernesto Sebrié et al. Abstract Objective: To evaluate how transnational tobacco companies, working through their local affiliates, influenced tobacco control policymaking in Argentina between 1966 and 2005. Methods: Analysis of internal tobacco industry documents, local newspapers and [...]
Authors: Anna Gilmore and Martin McKee Abstract Objectives: To explore how British American Tobacco (BAT), having established cigarette imports, responded to the opportunities for investment in cigarette manufacturing in the former Soviet Union (FSU). Design: Analysis of [...]
Authors: Tibor Szilagyi and Shaun Chapma Abstract Objective: To review strategies of transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) at creating a favourable advertising environment for their products in Hungary, with special regard to efforts resulting in the liberalisation [...]
Authors: Stephen Chapman and Jason Knight Abstract Objective: To examine the tobacco industry’s efforts to influence public policy and block the legislative process on tobacco control in Hong Kong, 1973 to 1997. Method: Systematic review of relevant [...]
Authors: Mary Assunta and Sarah Chapman Abstract Objective: To describe tobacco industry efforts in Malaysia to thwart government efforts to regulate tobacco promotion and health warnings. Methods: Systematic keyword and opportunistic website searches of formerly private tobacco [...]
Author: Corné van Walbeek Introduction The past ten years have witnessed a major turnabout in government policy on tobacco control in South Africa. Within a relatively short time, government policy has changed from complete apathy [...]
Authors: Shaun Chapman and Stacy Carter Abstract Objective: To review critically the history of Australian tobacco industry efforts to avoid, delay, and dilute pack warnings on cigarettes. Design: Systematic keyword and opportunistic website searches of [...]
Authors: Asaf Bitton et al. Abstract Beginning with the Europe Against Cancer Action Program in 1985, the European Economic Community (EEC), which was later renamed the European Community (EC) with its incorporation into the new [...]
Authors: Jonathan Liberman and Jonathan Clough Abstract In April 2002 British American Tobacco Australia became the first tobacco company in Australia to be ordered to pay compensation to a person dying of smoking-related illness. In [...]
Authors: Ross Hammond and Celia White Abstract The WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean has been working for years with national, regional and international partners to address tobacco health hazards and to support all [...]
