Author: Thomas Novotny  Section 1: Introduction and Background Cigarette butts are dropped on sidewalks in urban neighborhoods, in parks, beaches, and flicked from moving cars. Cigarette butts are the most common debris item collected from beaches and waterways during the annual International Coastal Cleanups, a status that has been maintained since 1986 (Novotny, 2009). In […]

Author: Thomas E Novotny et al. Discarded cigarette butts may present health risks to human infants and animals because of indiscriminate eating behaviours. Nicotine found in cigarette butts may cause vomiting and neurological toxicity; leachates of cigarette butts in aquatic environments may cause exposure to additional toxic chemicals including heavy metals, ethyl phenol and pesticide residues. […]

Authors: Elli Slaughter et al. Abstract Background: Cigarette butts are the most common form of litter, as an estimated 4.5 trillion cigarette butts are thrown away every year worldwide. Many chemical products are used during the course of growing tobacco and manufacturing cigarettes, the residues of which may be found in cigarettes prepared for consumption. Additionally, […]